Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)

 

Overview

Allergic rhinitis (commonly known as hay fever), is an allergic reaction that occurs when the body’s immune system reacts to airborne allergens such as dust mites, pollen, mould, or pet dander. This reaction causes inflammation inside the nose and may also affect the eyes and airways, leading to cold-like symptoms. Some people experience symptoms seasonally, while others may have them throughout the year.

 

Causes

Allergic rhinitis is triggered by exposure to allergens in the environment. Common triggers include:

• Dust mites
• Pollen from trees, grass, or weeds
• Pet dander (tiny flakes of skin from animals)
• Mould spores
• Insect droppings

 

Certain factors may increase the likelihood of developing allergic rhinitis, such as having a family history of allergies, asthma, or eczema, as well as early exposure to cigarette smoke or allergens.

 

Symptoms

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis are often similar to the common cold but are usually triggered shortly after exposure to allergens. Common symptoms include:

• Sneezing
• Runny or blocked nose
• Itchy nose, throat, or eyes
• Watery or red eyes
• Postnasal drip and cough
• Tiredness or disrupted sleep

 

Unlike a common cold, allergic rhinitis does not usually cause fever or body aches, and nasal discharge is typically clear.

 

Treatment

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and reducing exposure to allergens. Depending on the severity of symptoms, treatment options may include:

• Antihistamines to relieve sneezing, runny nose, and itching
• Decongestants for temporary relief of blocked nose
• Nasal steroid sprays to reduce inflammation
• Eye drops for itchy or watery eyes
• Non-medicated treatments : Saline nasal rinses or sprays and steam inhalation to help clear nasal passages

 

For persistent or severe symptoms, a doctor may recommend further evaluation or additional treatment options.

 

Prevention

Avoiding or reducing exposure to allergens can help prevent flare-ups. Helpful measures include:

• Vacuuming and cleaning the home regularly
• Washing bedding frequently in hot water
• Using air purifiers with HEPA filters
• Keeping pets out of bedrooms
• Avoiding outdoor exposure during high pollen periods

·       Keep your home dry and well-ventilated, and deal with any damp and condensation

 

When to See a Doctor

Medical advice should be sought if:

• Symptoms are severe or worsening (eg. thick yellow or green mucus / phlegm)
• Symptoms interfere with sleep or daily activities
• Over-the-counter treatments do not help
• You experience shortness of breath, chest pain, or persistent fever
• Symptoms are accompanied by thick yellow or green mucus

 

Individuals with asthma should also consult a doctor if their breathing symptoms worsen alongside allergic rhinitis.

 

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**   Note for Chinese New Year 2026:   ***

 

 

 

Dear valued customers,

 

 

 

Please help to take note that:

 

 

 

Our office will be closed for Chinese New Year between 16 February to 20 February 2026 and we will resume normal operation on 23 February 2026.

 

 

 

All orders received after on/after 10 February 2026, will be processed after 24/25 February 2026.

 

 

 

BeaconsHealth wishes all a Happy and Prosperous Chinese New Year!

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Acne Vulgaris

 

Overview

 

One of the most common skin conditions amongst adolescents is acne, which most commonly appears on the face, back and chest. This could potentially lead to self esteem and psychosocial effects. Although acne is most common in teenagers, it can persist into adulthood or even appear for the first time later in life.

 

Symptoms

 

·      Acne often begins with early signs such as whiteheads (closed comedones) and blackheads (open comedones).

·      Inflammatory acne is characterized by red bumps (papules) and pus-filled lesions (pustules).

·      In more severe cases, deeper and more painful lesions such as cysts and nodules may develop.

·      As acne heals, it can lead to scarring—either atrophic (sunken or pitted) or hypertrophic/keloid (raised and thickened).

·      Dark spots (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) may also appear after lesions resolve, particularly in darker skin tones or when acne is picked at.

 

Causes

 

Possible triggers for acne include :

·      Hormonal changes - Acne is most often associated with hormonal changes during puberty, but it can develop at any age.

·      High stress levels

·      Blocked / covered skin, such as from cosmetics, sports gear, or chin straps

·      Medications, including anabolic steroids, progestins, lithium, isoniazid, and phenytoin

·      Menstruation (in females)

·      Acne is known to run in families. If both your mother and father had acne, it's likely that you'll also have acne.

 

How to manage acne

 

·      Minimise stress

·      Cleanse gently using a mild soap or cleanser and lukewarm water. Avoid very hot or very cold water, as this can aggravate acne.

·      Avoid squeezing or picking at blackheads or spots—this can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of permanent scarring.

·      Choose non-comedogenic products. Avoid make-up, skincare, and sunscreen products that are oil-based or labeled “comedogenic.” Instead, use water-based, non-comedogenic options that are less likely to clog pores.

·      Always remove make-up completely before going to bed.

·      If your skin is dry, apply a fragrance-free, water-based moisturizer (emollient).

·      Wash your hair regularly and try to keep it away from your face to prevent further irritation.

·      Have at least seven to eight hours of sleep every night. Avoid irregular sleep schedules.

 

What are the treatments available?

 

Topical Treatments

·      These alone might be sufficient for mild acne, but can be used in combination with oral therapies for moderate / severe acne

·      Some examples are benzoyl peroxide (available over the counter), adapalene (Differin) and topical antibiotics (both are available in pharmacies)

·      Combination treatments with more than one active ingredient may be prescribed.

·      Your doctor might recommend using different topical products for the day and night.

·      If skin irritation occurs, stop using the topical treatments for a few days and apply a light, fragrance-free, non-comedogenic moisturiser to the affected areas. Once irritation improves, restart the treatment on alternate days instead of daily.

 

Oral Antibiotics for Acne

• Commonly used in moderate to severe acne as a first-line treatment.
• Examples include doxycycline, erythromycin, and minocycline.
• Usually taken once or twice daily, as directed by your doctor.
• Improvement typically takes 6 to 8 weeks. Treatment is often continued for several months to maintain results.

 

Oral contraceptives

·      This is an option for treatment of acne in female patients.

 

Oral Isotretinoin

·      A strong oral medication used for severe acne or acne that does not respond to other treatments.

·      Visible improvement often occurs within a few weeks. Treatment usually lasts for 6 to 12 months.

·      Blood tests are needed before and after treatment to check liver function and cholesterol levels.

·      Pregnancy tests are required for female patients before and during treatment as it can cause severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy.

 

When to seek medical advice

 

·      For mild acne, talk to your pharmacist about over-the-counter treatments.

·      If your acne doesn’t improve with pharmacy treatments, or it’s affecting your mood or confidence, see a GP.

·      Consult a GP if you have moderate to severe acne or painful nodules or cysts as these may need prescription treatment to prevent scarring.

 

Sources :

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acne/

https://www.singhealth.com.sg/symptoms-treatments/acne-vulgaris

 

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What is headache? 

 

A headache is characterized by pain in any part of the head. It can occur on one or both sides and may range from a sharp, throbbing pain to a dull ache. The duration of a headache can vary, lasting anywhere from less than an hour to a few days. There are many types and causes of headaches. While most people experience headaches occasionally, some may have them more frequently. In some cases, a headache can signal a more serious health issue. 

 

What are the potential causes of headaches? 

 

Headaches can be caused by a variety of factors, including: 

 • Medical conditions like: 

 • Anxiety or depression 

 • Hormonal changes (e.g., during menstruation or pregnancy) 

 • Infections or other illnesses 

 • Dental or jaw issues 

 • Back and neck problems 

 • Allergies or medication use 

 • Dietary factors such as: 

 • Caffeine withdrawal 

 • Certain foods or additives 

 • Eating very cold foods 

 • Drinking alcohol 

 • Skipping meals or hydration 

 • Lifestyle habits like: 

 • Smoking 

 • Inadequate or excessive sleep 

 • Poor posture 

 • Stress or tension 

 • Eye strain 

 • Environmental triggers including: 

 • Bright or flickering lights 

 • Loud noises 

 • Strong smells or fumes 

 • Changes in weather, air pressure, or altitude 

 

What are the symptoms of a headache? 

 

The symptoms depend on the type of headache: 

 • Tension-type headache: 

 • The most common type, characterized by constant pain (not throbbing) 

 • Typically felt on both sides of the head 

 • May feel like tightness or pressure around the head and neck 

 • Can last from 30 minutes to several days 

 • Migraine: 

 • Often a throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head 

 • Accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light, noise, or smells 

 • Can last from 4 to 72 hours 

 • Sinus headache: 

 • Pain and tenderness around the eyes, cheeks, or forehead 

 • Usually felt on one side of the face 

 • Often worsens when bending forward or lying down 

 • Medication overuse headache: 

 • Caused by frequent use of painkillers for headaches or migraines 

 • Occurs more than 15 days per month if pain relievers are taken over 10 days per month for more than 3 months 

 • Cluster headache: 

 • Intense, one-sided pain around or behind the eye 

 • Pain begins quickly, often within minutes 

 • May be accompanied by nasal congestion, redness, tearing, or swelling of the eye 

 • Triggered by smoking and alcohol use (though the exact cause is unknown) 

 

How can I treat headaches? 

 

Headaches can be treated using over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as: 

 • Paracetamol, Paracetamol with Codeine, or Paracetamol with Codeine and Caffeine 

 • NSAIDs like Ibuprofen, Naproxen, or Diclofenac 

 

Beacons Health provides some examples of such OTC medications which can be found from the link provided 

 

https://www.beaconshealth.com/search?q=panamol 

 

When should I see a doctor? 

 

While most headaches can be managed without a doctor’s consultation, you should seek medical help if: 

 • Your headache worsens or doesn’t improve after 2 weeks 

 • You experience any of the following: 

 • A “thunderclap” headache or the worst headache of your life 

 • Headaches not relieved by non-prescription pain relievers 

 • Headaches occurring more than 15 days a month 

 • Pain relievers needed for more than 10 days per month over a 3-month period 

 • Headaches following exercise, sex, straining, or coughing 

 • New or sudden headaches, especially if you’re using birth control or hormone replacement therapy 

 • Headaches after a head injury 

 • Headaches accompanied by a stiff neck, confusion, numbness, weakness, vision changes, or difficulty speaking 

 • Other symptoms like rashes, seizures, or numbness on one side of the body 

 

How can I manage headaches? 

 

In addition to medication, managing headaches can involve: 

 • Keeping a headache diary to track patterns, triggers, and treatments 

 • Making lifestyle adjustments such as: 

 • Improving sleep habits 

 • Getting enough rest 

 • Regular exercise 

 • Eating a healthy diet 

 • Practicing relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing 

 • Resting in a quiet, dark room 

 • Applying a cool cloth to your head 

 

What are some tips to prevent headaches? 

 

To reduce the frequency of headaches, consider the following tips: 

 • Avoid known headache triggers 

 • Manage stress and delegate tasks to reduce strain 

 • Exercise moderately for at least 30 minutes most days of the week 

 • Ensure you get enough sleep 

 • Eat regular, balanced meals 

 • Drink plenty of water daily 

 • Limit caffeine and alcohol intake 

 • Avoid smoking 

 • Wear sunglasses to reduce glare 

 • Practice good posture and stretch your neck and shoulders while reading or using a computer. Take regular breaks if working in one position for extended periods. 

Sources:

https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/headache

https://www.beaconshealth.com/search?q=panamol

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**   Note for Chinese New Year 2025:   ***

Dear valued customers,

Please help to take note that:

Our office will be closed for Chinese New Year between 27 January to 31 January 2025 and we will resume normal operation on 3 February 2025.

All orders received after 21 January 2025, will be processed after 3 February 2025 and will be delivered on the week of 10 February 2025.

Delivery is usually 5 to 7 working days but will be longer due to this CNY peak period.

BeaconsHealth wishes all a Happy and Prosperous Chinese New Year!

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Overview

 

Non-stop crying in babies could be a sign of colic. Colic in babies is characterised by crying for over 3 hours a day, more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks, in an otherwise well-fed, healthy baby. The crying can occur suddenly for no apparent reason.

 

Colic normally starts a few weeks after birth and usually improves when your baby is about 3 months old.

 

Symptoms

 

Some common symptoms of colic include :

• Cries at about the same time every day, often in the evening
• Intense crying which is often difficult to pacify
• Posture changes: newborns with colic often curl up their legs, clench their fists and stiffen their abdominal muscles during colic episodes
• Babies with colic may experience bowel movements or pass gas near the end of a colic episode

 

Causes

 

The causes of colic in babies are not exactly known. Doctors believe certain factors might contribute to colic in babies :

• Immature digestive system
• Inefficient or insufficient burping after meals
• Milk intolerances
• Allergies
• Lack of sleep
• Discomfort arising from soiled diapers, extreme temperatures or sudden stimulation of noise or light

 

How to relieve colic in babies

 

Here are some tips on how to soothe a colicky baby :

• Give your baby small frequent feeds, and make sure to burp him/her after feeds.
• Hold your baby close to you as cuddling may help some babies to calm down.
• Try gently rocking your baby in your arms as this could soothe him /her
• Sing to your baby or play some lullaby music as this could calm your baby down
• If your baby is bottle fed, try a different teat that minimises the amount of air introduced while feeding, which can cause a build-up of painful gas.
• Review what you feed your baby. If your baby is fussy after consuming certain types of milk, try changing it and see if it helps. 

 

Treatment

 

While colic can be distressing for babies, as well as parents, it is not a disease. Colic usually resolves on its own, often when your baby is around 3 months old.

 

However, it is only natural for parents to look for remedies in order to try and soothe a colicky baby.

Some treatment options that could be tried include :

 

• Probiotics (Help maintain the natural balance of ‘good bacteria’ in the digestive tract)
• Gripe water

You can find our product here :

https://www.beaconshealth.com/products/gripe-water?_pos=1&_sid=c7bcf3fad&_ss=r

 

When to see a doctor

 

You should take your baby to see the doctor if you observe the following symptoms:

 

• Diarrhoea
• Fever
• Rashes
• Vomiting

 

Rest assured, your baby will eventually outgrow colic, and the constant crying won't last forever. These challenging times will pass. If you have any concerns, do not hesitate to consult a doctor or paediatrician. They can help rule out any underlying conditions and provide guidance on managing colic.

 

References

 

https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/colic

https://www.mountelizabeth.com.sg/health-plus/article/colic-babies

http://www.smj.org.sg/article/approach-infantile-colic-primary-care

 

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Constipation

 

Overview

Constipation is difficulty passing stools (pooing) or infrequent bowel movements. It's common in both adults and children. About 80 percent of people suffer from Constipation at some time during their lives and brief periods of constipation are normal.

The definition of Constipation varies from person to person. For most people, it is normal for bowel movements to occur from three times a day to three times a week.

Normal bowel habits are affected by diet. The average diet includes 12 to 15 grams of fibre per day, although 25 to 30 grams of fibre and about 60 to 80 ounces of fluid daily are recommended for proper bowel function. Exercise is also beneficial to proper function of the colon.

 

Symptoms

You may have constipation if you experience the following symptoms:

• fewer than three bowel movements a week
• passing lumpy, hard, or dry stools
• straining or pain during bowel movements
• a feeling of fullness, even after having a bowel movement

 

Causes

Constipation is usually caused by:

• Inadequate fluid intake
• Inadequate fibre intake
• Inadequate physical activity
• Ignoring the urge to defecate
• Stress or change in environment

You can also get constipation when you:

• are pregnant
• take certain medicines, such as some pain killers or iron tablets
• have a medical condition such as thyroid problem, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis or depression
• have a problem with your digestive tract, such as irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac disease or diverticulitis

 

Treatment

Diet and Lifestyle Changes:

• Drink plenty of water and unsweetened fluids. Limit consumption of alcohol and caffeinated drinks, which cause dehydration.
• Add fiber-rich foods to your diet, including fruits and vegetables, whole grains, beans and prunes. Fiber adds bulk to stool and helps the stool hold fluids. 25 to 34 grams of fiber a day is usually recommended.
• Ensure to incorporate regular physical activity in your routine. This helps to improve the movement of stool through the colon. 30 minutes per day five times per week is usually recommended. Try walking, swimming or biking.
• Good bowel habits are important. Don’t avoid the urge to pass stool. Try to pass stool 15 to 45 minutes after a meal as digestion helps to move stool through the colon.

Over-the-Counter Medications:

If diet and lifestyle changes alone doesn’t help, you may try an over-the counter laxative. Laxative are medicines that help to move stool through the colon. There are several different types. Consult your healthcare professional about which laxative may be best for your constipation. Do not use laxatives for more than 2 weeks, as your body can develop a dependence on them.

Laxative Type	Examples	Notes
Bulk forming laxatives	Psyllium, ispaghula husk	Bulk-forming laxatives work by increasing the "bulk" or weight of poo, which in turn stimulates your bowel.   It is important to drink lots of fluids when taking these laxatives.   Side effects can include bloating and flatulence.   These usually take 2 to 3 days to work.
Osmotic laxatives	Lactulose, sorbitol, oral magnesium salts	These work by keeping water in the bowel and softening the stool.   Side effects can include bloating and discomfort.   These usually work within 2 to 48 hours.
Stimulant laxatives	Senna, bisacodyl	These stimulate the muscles that line the gut, helping to move stool.   Side effects can include stomach cramps.   These usually work within 6 to 12 hours.
Lubricants	Liquid paraffin oil	These lubricates the stool and intestines, make stool easier to pass.   If Liquid paraffin is accidentally aspirated into the lungs, it may trigger hydrocarbon pneumonitis.   Not recommended for children under 3 years old

 

You can find our range of products here:

https://www.beaconshealth.com/products/liquid-paraffin-emulsion

 

When to see a doctor:

See a doctor if you experienced the following:

• Constipation symptoms last for more than 2 weeks without relief
• Bleeding from your rectum or blood in stools
• Significant stomach pain
• Sudden changes in your bowel habits
• Lost weight without trying

 

References

https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/constipation-adults

https://www.healthline.com/health/constipation

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/constipation

 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253

 

 

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Burns and scalds

 

Overview

 

Burns and scalds are injuries to the skin normally caused by heat. A burn is caused by dry heat (eg. iron or fire), while a scald is caused by something wet (eg. hot water or steam). Both can be treated the same way.

 

Symptoms

Burns can be very painful and can cause

 

• Red or peeling skin
• Blisters
• Swelling
• White or charred skin

 

There are different degrees of burns, from first-degree (least serious) to third-degree (most serious). Sunburn can also be a first-degree burn. Most first-degree burns can be treated at home, however, it is important to treat burns properly.

 

Treatment

 

To treat a burn, follow the first aid advice below:

• Immediately get the person away from the heat source
• Remove any clothing or jewellery near the burnt area. If clothing is stuck to the wound, cut around it, but do not remove any stuck fabric forcefully.
• Cool the burn with cool running water for at least 10 minutes or until the pain subsides. Do not use ice, iced water, butter or other greasy substances.
• After cooling the burn, cover the area with a sterile gauze bandage or cling wrap. Do not touch the burn or burst any blisters.
• Use painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen to treat any pain.
• Raise the affected area if possible, this helps to reduce swelling.
• Once the burn heals, protect the area from the sun by seeking shade, wearing protective clothing or applying a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen. This will help to minimise scarring.

 

You can find our range of products here:

https://www.beaconshealth.com/products/panamol-tablets-500mg

https://www.beaconshealth.com/products/antiseptic-cream-15gm?_pos=1&_sid=428599f3b&_ss=r

 

If your first-degree burn covers a large area, or if the victim is an infant or elderly person, or if you think your burn is more severe, seek medical help immediately.

 

You should go to a hospital A&E department for :

• All chemicals and electrical burns
• Large (i.e. bigger than your hand) or deep burns
• Burns causing white, leathery or charred skin
• Burns in the mouth, throat, eyes, ears or genital area

 

Preventing Burns and Scalds

• Keeping your child out of the kitchen whenever possible
• Keeping matches, lighters, and lit candles out of young children’s sight and reach
• Keeping hot drinks well away from young children
• Testing the temperature of bath water using your elbow before putting your baby / toddler in the bath
• Put your iron, straighteners or curling tongs out of reach while they cool down

 

References

 

https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/injured-skin/burns/treat-minor-burns

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/burns-and-scalds/prevention/

https://www.singhealth.com.sg/rhs/get-well/gpfirst/mild-burns-and-scalds

 

 

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